BMW X5: Set-up and use

 Bolts

Although, the N54 engine has an all aluminum crankcase, many of the bolts are still aluminum as on the N52. This is to reduce any potential confusion between steel and aluminum bolts. Some bolts, for example, are steel such as the cylinder head cover bolts. This is possible, due to the plastic cy

 Piezo Element

The movement of the nozzle needle in the injector is generated no longer by a solenoid coil but rather by a piezo-element. A piezo-element is an electromechanical converter, i.e. it consists of a ceramic material which converts electrical energy directly into mechanical energy (force/travel).